Craig Hall

Needle decompression saves lives, but confirmation of success has long relied on subjective signs. Colorimetric capnography offers an objective, rapid way to confirm pleural entry by detecting CO₂. Early research shows promise, but should this simple tool become the new standard for needle thoracostomy? We explore the evidence and implications for prehospital and emergency care.

You've probably seen them: embroidered patches or gear labeled “O+” or “A-” on tactical vests, range bags, or uniforms. They look cool,...

Trauma gear is one of the most common topics our instructors are asked about. What’s the difference between a trauma kit and an IFAK? What should you carry? How do you choose the right equipment? This guide answers those questions and more, helping you build the right kit for your role, environment, and level of training.